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En. Anwar b. Zainol

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Interesting Facts > Geography

· Guinea has the wettest capital on Earth, with 3.7 metres of raina year.

· Clipperton Islandwins our prize for the most unusual looking country.

· Only two countries in the world are doublylandlocked:LiechtensteinandUzbekistan.

· Sick of crowds? Move to Greenland! Greenlanders have 38 square kilometres of land per person.

· If you thoughtAntartica was inhospitable, think again - its land area is onlyninety – eightpercent ice. Reassuringly, the other 2% is categorised as "barren rock".

· The Mall in Washington, D.C. is 1.4 times larger than Vatican City. The four largest nations areRussia, China,USA, and Canada

· Brazil takes up47.8% of South America.

· Canada lays claim to morewater than any other nation.

· Almost the entire Cook Islands are covered byforest.

· Contrary to the popular rhyme, the rain falls mainly onGuinea.

· Australia has more than 28 times the land area of New Zealand, but itscoastline is not even twice as long.

Branches of Geography

The field of geography is a vast and wondrous academic field with thousands of researchers working in dozens of interesting sub-disciplines or branches of geography. There is a branch of geography for just about any subject on earth. In an effort to acquaint the reader with the diversity of the branches of geography, I summarize

Regional Geography

Many geographers focus their time and energy on studying a specific region on the planet. Regional geographers focus on areas as large as a continent or as small as an urban area. Many geographers combine a regional specialty with a specialty in another branch of geography.

Applied Geography

Applied geographers use geographic knowledge, skills, and techniques to solve problems in everyday society. Applied geographers are often employed outside of academic environment and work for private firms or governmental agencies.

Cartography

It has often been said that geography is anything that can be mapped. While all geographers know how to display their research on maps, the branch ofcartographyfocuses on improving and developing technologies in map-making. Cartographers work to create useful high-quality maps to show geographic information in the most useful format possible.

Geographic Information Systems

Geographic Information Systems or GIS is the branch of geography that develops databases of geographic information and systems to display geographic data in a map-like format. Geographers in GIS work to create layers of geographic data and when layers are combined or utilized together in complex computerized systems, they can provide geographic solutions or sophisticated maps with the press of a few keys.

Geographic Education

Geographers working in the field ofgeographic educationseek to give teachers the skills, knowledge, and tools they need to help combat geographic illiteracy and to develop future generations of geographers.

Historical Geography

Historical geographers research the human and physical geography of the past.

History of Geography

Geographers working in the history of geography seek to maintain the history of the discipline by researching and documenting the biographies of geographers and the histories of geographic studies and geography departments and organizations.

Remote Sensing

Remote sensingutilizes satellites and sensors to examine features on or near the earth's surface from a distance. Geographers in remote sensing analyze data from remote sources to develop information about a place where direct observation is not possible or practical.

Quantitative Methods

This branch of geography uses mathematical techniques and models to test hypothesis. Quantitative methods are often used in many other branches of geography but some geographers specialize in quantitative methods specifically.

Human Geography

Many branches of geography are found withinhuman geography, a major branch of geography that studies people and their interaction with the earth and with their organization of space on the earth's surface.

Economic Geography

Economic geographers examine the distribution of production and distribution of goods, the distribution of wealth, and the spatial structure of economic conditions.

Population Geography

Population geography is often equated with demography but population geography is more than just patters of birth, death, and marriage. Population geographers are concerned with the distribution, migration, and growth of population in geographic areas.

Geography of Religions

This branch of geography studies the geographic distribution of religious groups, their cultures, and built environments.

Medical Geography

Medical geographers study the geographic distribution of disease (including epidemics and pandemics), illness, death and health care.

Recreation, Tourism, and Sport Geography

The study of leisure-time activities and their impact on local environments. As tourism is one of the world's largest industries, it involves a great number of people making very temporary migrations and is thus of great interest to geographers.

Military Geography

Practitioners of military geography are most often found within the military but the branch looks not only at the geographic distribution of military facilities and troops but also utilizes geographic tools to develop military solutions.

Political Geography

Political geographyinvestigates all aspects of boundaries, country, state, and nation development, international organizations, diplomacy, internal country subdivisions, voting, and more.

Agricultural and Rural Geography

Geographers in this branch study agriculture and rural settlement, the distribution of agriculture and the geographic movement and access to agricultural products, and land use in rural areas.

Transportation Geography

Transportation geographersresearch transportation networks (both private and public) and the use of those networks for moving people and goods.

Urban Geography

The branch of urban geography investigates the location, structure, development, and growth of cities -- from tiny village to huge megalopolis.

Physical Geography

Physical geography is another major branch of geography. It is concerned with the natural features on or near the surface of the earth.

Biogeography

Biographers study the geographic distribution of plants and animals on the earth in the subject known as biogeography.

Water Resources

Geographers working in the water resources branch of geography look at the distribution and use of water across the planet within the hydrologic cycleand of human-developed systems for water storage, distribution, and use.

Climate

Climate geographers investigate the distribution of long-term weather patterns and activities of the earth's atmosphere.

Global Change

Geographers researching global change explore the long term changes occurring to the plant earth based on human impacts on the environment.

Geomorphology

Geomorphologists study the landforms of the planet, from their development to their disappearance through erosion and other processes.

Hazards Geography

As with many branches of geography, hazards combines work in physical and human geography. Hazard geographers research extreme events known as hazards or disaster and explore the human interaction and response to these unusual natural or technological events.

Mountain Geography

Mountain geographers look at the development of mountain systems and at the humans who live in higher altitudes and their adaptations to these environments.

Cryosphere Geography

Cryosphere geography explores the ice of the earth, especially glaciers and ice sheets. Geographers look at the past distribution of ice on the planet and ice-cause features from glaciers and ice sheets.

Arid Regions

Geographers studying arid regions examine thedeserts and dry surfaces of the planet. The explore how humans, animals, and plants make their home in dry or arid regions and the use of resources in these regions.

Coastal and Marine Geography

Within coastal and marine geography, there are geographers researching the coastal environments of the planet and how humans, coastal life, and coastal physical features interact.

Soils Geography

Soil geographers study the upper layer of the lithosphere, the soil, of the earth and its categorization and patterns of distribution

Matlamat Dan Objektif

Matlamat :

Kepemimpinan sekolah dapat mengenali, memahami dan melaksanakan tanggungjawab sebagai pengurus kurikulum di sekolah dengan lebih berkesan.

Objektif :

- Mengenal pasti akta, pekeliling ikhtisas dan surat pekeliling KPM mengenai pengurusan kurikulum untuk dilaksanakan.

- Menerangkan peranan dan bidang tugas pemimpin dan pengurus kurikulum.

- Menjelaskan struktur dan fungsi jawatankuasa yang berkaitan dengan kurikulum.

- Mengenal pasti faktor-faktor yang menjayakan pelaksanaan kurikulum.

Basic Earth's Facts

Here you will find a listing of essential facts about the planet earth, the home to all of humanity:

Human Population of the Earth : 6,660,000,000 (6.66 billion) as of April 2008
World Population Growth : 1.14% - 2006 estimate (this means at the current rate of growth, the earth's population will double in 61.4 years)
Countries of the World : 195
Earth's Circumference at the Equator : 24,901.55 miles (40,075.16 km)
Earth's Circumference Between the North and South Poles : 24,859.82 miles (40,008 km)
Earth's Diameter at the Equator : 7,926.28 miles (12,756.1 km)
Earth's Diameter at the Poles : 7,899.80 miles (12,713.5 km)
Average Distance from the Earth to the Sun : 93,020,000 miles (149,669,180 km)
Average Distance from the Earth to the Moon : 238,857 miles (384,403.1 km)
Highest Elevation on Earth - Mt. Everest, Asia: 29,035 feet (8850 m)
Tallest Mountain on Earth from Base to Peak - Mauna Kea, Hawaii: 33,480 feet (rising to 13,796 feet above sea level) (10204 m; 4205 m)
Point Farthest From the Center of the Earth - The peak of the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador at 20,561 feet (6267 m) is farthest from the center of the earth due to its location near the equator and the oblateness of the Earth.
Lowest Elevation on Land - Dead Sea: 1369 feet below sea level (417.27 m)
Deepest Point in the Ocean - Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, Western Pacific Ocean: 35,840 feet (10924 m)
Highest Temperature Recorded: 135.8°F - Al Aziziyah, Libya, September 13, 1922 (57.7°C)
Lowest Temperature Recorded: -128.5°F - Vostok, Antarctica, July 21, 1983 (-89.2°C)
Water vs. Land: 70.8% Water, 29.2% Land
Age of the Earth: 4.5 to 4.6 billion years
Atmosphere Content: 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and traces of argon, carbon dioxide and water
Rotation on Axis: 23 hours and 56 minutes and 04.09053 seconds. But, it takes an additional four minutes for the earth to revolve to the same position as the day before relative to the sun (i.e. 24 hours).
Revolution around Sun: 365.2425 days
Chemical Composition of the Earth: 34.6% Iron, 29.5% Oxygen, 15.2% Silicon, 12.7% Magnesium, 2.4% Nickel, 1.9% Sulfur, and 0.05% Titanium

Geography 101

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geographia, lit. "earth describe-write") is the study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena. A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes (276-194 B.C.). Four historical traditions in geographical research are the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena (geography as a study of distribution), area studies (places and regions), study of man-land relationship, and research in earth sciences. Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the Earth and all of its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but how they have changed and come to be. As "the bridge between the human and physical sciences," geography is divided into two main branches—human geography and physical geography.